"Understanding the Future of Sustainable Energy"

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Challenges

Electric Power
Carbon Sequestration
Wind
Solar
Hydro
Natural Gas
Integrated Solar Energy
Biomass
Conversion Efficiency
 Nuclear

Transportation

Future Grid of 2060

What can you do?

Hydroelectric generation is both renewable and dispatchable.  Almost every viable potential hydroelectric sites have been employed in developed countries including the U.S.  Hydroelectric represents the largest renewable energy generation around the world .  Since most potential hydro electric sites are being utilized, it is not possible to implement large amount of new hydro generation.

Pumped hydroelectric plants-were water is pumped up into a reservoir for later use is becoming more attractive.  Hydroelectric is the most effective means to store large amount of energy with an electrical round trip efficiency ~80 to 85%.  Pump hydroelectric energy storage schemes may become popular to meet peak power demands and to dispatch  solar and wind renewable generation for high renewable implementation.